So i was using windows my whole life from the 7 to the 11, and just a few days i installed some new windows and driver updates (as usual) but when finished the fans were going craazy asf not as usual at all and some random ass programs working in the background using almost 30% of the rams, and after doing some post feudal technological slavery work it went down to 20% but the fans are still running loud as hell and that was the The drop that overflowed the cup.

And i started thinking seriously to move to linux but i have to clarify some things before. I am moving to china to study and my laptop is my main machine so there is some responsability and what’s the alternative to the microsoft office programs because that’s part of my daily work, and in china there is programs that are used only in mainland china i am asking whether or not they can work normally on linux.

And there is just tooooo much distros to choose from, i searched and found the fedora kde which looked good actually so what would you advise me to use (not mint please lol)

This has been bugging me for a while. I'll tweak a config file, edit something in fstab or mess with a service, and three weeks later I have no memory of what I changed or why it worked. Then something breaks and I'm sitting there trying to reverse engineer my own decisions from a month ago.

I've been thinking about keeping some kind of personal log, even just a text file, of what I touched and when. But there's probably a smarter way to do this that people here have already figured out. I know etckeeper exists and I keep meaning to actually set it up but haven't gotten there.

I'm not managing servers or anything, just my own machines, so I don't want to overthink it. But I also don't want to keep spending an hour retracing steps I already took once. That's the part that gets frustrating.

​

Guys, I've been getting more and more disappointed with Windows and I ended up getting the idea to switch to Linux. The problem is that grub won't install on Mint, I've tried everything and I even sent it to a technician, but he couldn't do it either. He said he's going to try Ubuntu tomorrow, but I think it will give the same error. Does anyone know why this happens? I have two SSDs, a 480GB Kingston one and another 256GB NVMe that came with my laptop. I've already tried using Rufus, Ventoy, changing the USB drive, etc. Help

My PC is a Galaxy Book 2 with i3.

The error that appears is:

"Unable to install grub in dev/sda. This is a fatal error." When I try to run boot repair, the action is aborted

Fellow linux enthusiasts, I spend a small portion of my life learning all sorts of tools one could use for linux, and the truth is, i now appreciate simplicty a lot more and respect the choices taken/given by devs on distros/software. I used to think using arch linux with a tiling compositor with neovim or emacs with other open source software was the only way to go.

Today, That's not the case anymore. I prefer to code in vscode, i prefer a standard terminal that handles everything gui, I also don't hate snaps. If there is a linux distro i can blindly pick for doing whatever I want, that's Ubuntu LTS for me.

I have learnt to understand that certain compromises are made when designing things and As long as I don't have to deal with them, I am fine.

So people who dream to leave windows and switch to linux can and should use whatever software they like and they have to rely on. If you can afford new hardware and buy a windows 11 machine, that's great, but for those who can't and stuck on windows 10, try a linux distro like Ubuntu, Fedora or CachyOS and see what you can do about it.

Yeah I have learnt shit ton of things from using arch and various other tools, but at the end of the day, I just wanna open a browser, read some yuri, write some notes and enjoy my life.

Let us learn to be grateful and enjoy the simple things in life. And if you do really struggle with something, then invest in other tools, not invest because someone says it can do wonders. or someone says its the better choice.

Also Please remember to enjoy, not live by the rules of others.

Edit: Some corrections on spelling

When I make a new directroy using mkdir I then have to change directory into it with the separate command cd. Is there a way I can do both create a new directory and change into it in a single line? I'm on Linux Mint 22.3 if it makes a difference.

mkdir folder
cd folder

I have this question right now, so my younger brother really wants to play Fortnite on his garbage laptop. He has DDR4 8GB of RAM and an i3-1250U.

Now, the problem is that he thinks Windows is causing him to lose a lot of performance due to Windows taking 8GB of RAM, and I hate seeing him spend days of his life optimizing a laptop that can barely run Google with 5 tabs open. So, I wanted to help my brother, and I heard that Linux uses a lot less RAM and CPU like way way less. However, I also heard that Fortnite is not available for Linux, but maybe there is a certain OS or some method that allows him. Either way, I am also worried that something may happen from switching Windows to Linux because my brother is not on the technical side, to be honest. So, if anyone can say a way where my brother can switch to Linux and play Fortnite on it, then it would really help! Also, on a side note, I also wonder if there is a way to switch from Windows to Linux but still use Adobe software!

TL;DR: My non-technical younger brother wants to switch his low-spec laptop (i3-1250U, 8GB RAM) from Windows to Linux to save RAM and CPU usage, but we need to know if there is an OS or method to play Fortnite and use Adobe software on Linux. side note the adobe software is for me because i am also thinking to switch to linux

Hi all. I’ve been messing around with Linux for a few months and wanted to try LFS and I’ve run into a problem with installing GCC that I can’t seem to fix.

Running Ubuntu 25.10 as the host system on a VM.

I am currently on this page of LFS13.1 and I’ve compiled and installed GCC 16.2.0, but the last lines of code on this page aren’t working, saying that the directories for limitx, glimits and limity cannot be found. I am still in the build directory even though most troubleshooting guides say this tends to be the problem.

I’ve been following the book to the letter as well as watching a tutorial on YouTube (although the guy on the video is using a different host system but I assume that doesn’t matter) as I’m still a Linux noob so I’m not sure what is going wrong.

TIA for any assistance :)

IDK if you understand but I am trying to emulate holding right click and draging the cursor via touchpad. Can I do that in Ubuntu? Is there an extension maybe? or a setting?

https://imgur.com/gallery/weird-error-QA5tQZi

I know what initially caused it, it was trying to install this clipboard manager. I could never get it to work with Fedora so I uninstalled it, but ever since this blotch of red error code pops up anytime the terminal does anything with curl.

It's not breaking anything, it's just annoying seeing it every time I try to update. I just know a real error is going to happen and I'm not going to see it because I'll just assume it's this.

EDIT: for better reading

fedorauser@FedoraHost:~$ sudo dnf upgrade -y

[sudo] password for fedorauser:

Updating and loading repositories:

gustavosett-clipboard-manager-source ???% | 0.0 B/s | 0.0 B | 00m00s

Curl error (77): Problem with the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?) for https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/SRPMS/repodata/repomd.xml [error adding trust anchors from file: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt] - https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/SRPMS/repodata/repomd.xml

An Curl handle error

gustavosett-clipboard-manager-noarch ???% | 0.0 B/s | 0.0 B | 00m00s

Curl error (77): Problem with the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?) for https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/noarch/repodata/repomd.xml [error adding trust anchors from file: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt] - https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/noarch/repodata/repomd.xml

An Curl handle error

gustavosett-clipboard-manager ???% | 0.0 B/s | 0.0 B | 00m00s

Curl error (77): Problem with the SSL CA cert (path? access rights?) for https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml [error adding trust anchors from file: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt] - https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/gustavosett/clipboard-manager/rpm/fedora/44/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml

An Curl handle error

Repositories loaded.

Nothing to do.

fedorauser@FedoraHost:~$

[SOLVED] I have my CoolerControl set to watch the cpu temp and adjust the pump and fan speed accordingly, but opening Steam rose the Cpu temp from 40c to 73c instantly. It will even reach above 80 and shut down my system instantly. System monitor showed every Cpu reached the peak for 10 seconds. Any ideas on what could be happening? Is this a bios issue?

Edit: I did recently replace my motherboard which meant removing the cooler and cpu from each other briefly

Edit2: I now know that reapplying new thermal paste is an important step any time you remove the cooler from the CPU.

I am trying to mount an ISO which is a disk of audio samples for music production. This ISO was packaged within a rar, which was inside of a zip, which I got from here.

I ran sudo mount -o loop "Vengeance Effects Vol1.iso" /mnt/iso and got the following error: ``` mount: /mnt/iso: can't read superblock on /dev/loop17. dmesg(1) may have more information after failed mount system call.

```

Errors in dmesg:

``` [ 10.328271] scsi 0:0:0:1: Failed to get diagnostic page 0x1 [ 10.328283] scsi 0:0:0:1: Failed to bind enclosure -19 ... [ 10.575062] usb 1-2: 2:1: cannot get freq at ep 0x1 [ 10.587071] usb 1-2: 3:1: cannot get freq at ep 0x82 ... [ 15.385110] EXT4-fs error (device sda4): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:1303: group 612, block bitmap and bg descriptor inconsistent: 4919 vs 4918 free clusters
[ 15.476847] EXT4-fs error (device sda4): ext4_mb_generate_buddy:1303: group 2652, block bitmap and bg descriptor inconsistent: 10511 vs 10506 free clusters
... [ 20.926278] usb 1-2: 3:1: cannot get freq at ep 0x82 ... [ 449.813577] EXT4-fs (loop17): unable to read superblock

```

I attempted running the command as sudo mount -o loop -t iso9660 "Vengeance Effects Vol1.iso" /mnt/iso, and the same errors appeared in dmesg after that run as well.

How can I fix this?

EDIT: Corrected dmesg log. I originally pasted the log from a previous attempt to mount the ISO, thus including incorrect information about the problem. EDIT 2: Added context.

Recently I have learned of a decision that will be affecting Windows on the OS level, this change is the last straw for me so now I'm planning on switching, if anyone has any recommendations for a gaming based, but generalised distro to use I would like any info I can get before I start preparing for the change. So far I've gone with Mint but I don't know if it can run stuff like CurseForge and Modrinth, which I would like to keep access too

I'd like to switch from Windows 10 to Linux Mint and use that occasion to get a new notebook as well. I've been using a Thinkpad L380 (i5-8250U, 8GB) for the last 7 years or so. I use my notebook daily, but only for very basic stuff like working with Office and surfing the internet.

Can you guys give me some benchmark data for what requirements a new notebook should fulfill? Ideally I'd want to use it again for many years. I wouldn't mind to buy a refurbed one. Incidentally, I use it 90% of the time in clamshell mode. Just in case that changes anything.

If you have a solution, please suggest or comment down below!

Hi everyone,

I'm troubleshooting a suspend/reboot/shutdown problem on an Acer Aspire A715-79G running Zorin OS (Ubuntu 24.04 base).

Hardware:

Acer Aspire A715-79G

Intel 13th Gen Raptor Lake-P

NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 6GB Laptop GPU

Zorin OS / Ubuntu 24.04 base

Kernel: 7.0.0-30-generic

NVIDIA driver initially: 580.173.02

I'm trying to figure out why the system increasingly requires a forced shutdown/reboot.

What happened

Initially, the NVIDIA GPU was working. nvidia-smi showed the RTX 3050 correctly with driver 580.173.02.

I then played The Witcher 2, using the NVIDIA GPU/performance mode and later switching back to On-Demand.

After that, I started experiencing freezes during power-state transitions.

At first we suspected suspend, because the laptop would enter what appeared to be sleep but wouldn't wake properly, requiring a hard power-off.

The kernel reported:

xhci_hcd 0000:00:0d.0: xHC error in resume, USBSTS 0x401, Reinit

The system was entering:

PM: suspend entry (deep)

ACPI: PM: Preparing to enter system sleep state S3

and then waking from S3 with the xHCI error.

There were also repeated NVIDIA-related kernel stalls involving:

rm_acpi_nvpcf_notify

nv_acpi_nvpcf_event

rm_init_adapter

nv_drm_dev_load

and:

INFO: task gpu-manager blocked for more than 122 seconds.

INFO: task gpu-manager blocked for more than 245 seconds.

INFO: task gpu-manager blocked for more than 368 seconds.

The gpu-manager task was shown waiting on an NVIDIA read/write semaphore.

The important discovery

We checked the very first day's boot logs, from September 1, before the later Witcher testing.

Interestingly, the same NVIDIA deadlock pattern was already present.

For example, the first-day logs contain:

gpu-manager:749 blocked for more than 245 seconds

with the stack going through:

rm_init_adapter

nv_open_device

nv_drm_dev_load

nv_drm_probe_devices

and the ACPI/NVIDIA path includes:

rm_acpi_nvpcf_notify

nv_acpi_nvpcf_event

acpi_evaluate_object

So it appears that Witcher didn't create the underlying NVIDIA issue. It may simply have triggered it more noticeably.

There was also an NVIDIA persistence failure on the first boot:

Failed to query NVIDIA devices.

nvidia-persistenced.service: Failed to start

We then switched completely to Intel

We ran:

sudo prime-select intel

and confirmed:

prime-select query

intel

Then:

lsmod | grep -i nvidia

returned nothing.

The NVIDIA GPU is still visible on PCIe, but its runtime state is:

runtime_status

suspended

and:

power/control

auto

So at this point the NVIDIA kernel modules aren't loaded.

But the reboot/shutdown problem remained

This is where I'm currently stuck.

Even after switching to Intel and unloading the NVIDIA modules, the machine still had situations where reboot/shutdown appeared to hang, eventually requiring a forced power-off.

So I'm no longer interested in repeatedly testing suspend right now.

The immediate goal is simply:

Get reliable normal shutdown/reboot without having to force the laptop off.

ACPI errors

The previous boot also showed:

ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [_SB.PC00.MHBR], AE_NOT_FOUND

ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [_SB.PTID.PBAR], AE_NOT_FOUND

ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [^^RP28.PXSX.WIST], AE_NOT_FOUND

ACPI Error: Aborting method _SB.PC00.CNVW.IFUN

ACPI Error: Aborting method _SB.PC00.CNVW._DSM

There was also:

ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [_TZ.ETMD], AE_NOT_FOUND

So there definitely appears to be some firmware/ACPI weirdness, although I'm not sure how much of it is actually responsible for the shutdown problem.

What I'm wondering

Would moving to Linux Mint 22.x be a worthwhile diagnostic?

My thinking is:

Fresh Mint installation

Don't install anything extra

Run Intel graphics only

Test shutdown/reboot repeatedly

If stable, install Mint's recommended NVIDIA driver

Test again

That would give me a much cleaner comparison against the current Zorin installation.

I'd especially appreciate input from anyone using an Acer Aspire A715-79G / RTX 3050 / Intel 13th-gen on Linux.

Is this likely to be an Acer ACPI/firmware issue, NVIDIA driver issue, kernel issue, or something specific to the current Zorin installation?

I have the complete journal logs from the first day and the subsequent failed boots if anyone wants specific output.

Hi,
I’m experiencing severe frame drops and stuttering on Linux.
My system:
RTX 4090
Ryzen 7 7800X3D
32 GB RAM
4K monitor
CachyOS
KDE Plasma / Wayland
Latest official NVIDIA drivers

The main problem isn’t simply that performance is lower than on Windows.
I was already expecting some performance loss when moving to Linux.
The problem is that I get very large frame time drops, sometimes going below 50 FPS, with noticeable stuttering, especially during combat, in cities, or in other demanding scenes.

So far I’ve noticed this in:
Crimson Desert
007 First Light
PRAGMATA
Re: Requiem
Death Stranding 2
Indiana Jones
Stellar blade
The Blood of dawnwalker

And I still have several other games to test.
For example, a game might run at a high and relatively stable FPS in less demanding areas, but then suddenly drop heavily during combat or when entering a busy area, and the resulting stutter is very noticeable.
The strange thing is that I don’t experience this behavior on Windows with the same hardware.

I’m using Heroic to launch the games and I’ve already tried several things:
Proton-GE
Proton-CachyOS
PROTON_ENABLE_WAYLAND=1
Proton DLSS upgrade/ dlss upgrader
PROTON_VKD3D_HEAP=1
GameMode / Feral GameMode
Gamescope

CachyOS and the NVIDIA drivers are fully up to date.
I'd really like to stay on Linux if possible, so I’d appreciate any suggestions for things I should check or test.

I have been using artix linux on my thinkpad t440p, it’s working great but it got very bloated and i would like to switch to a non-systemd, musl distro. Void linux is an option but i don’t really enjoy using it, and i have been considering both Chimera and Alpine linux. I wanna use full disk encryption, and i know Alpine supports it but idk about Chimera. Also, i once tried FreeBSD since i don’t do gaming on that laptop, but i couldn’t get a graphical interface working; probably a skill issue.

I used to have kubuntu on same and drive as windows so grub launched first and i could select either os. But now i installed it on different ssd. And I can only select kubuntu/grub if i first go to bios and there is this special boot selector first. It doesnt show up inside boot order if i enter bios settings​

"[0.260689] platform MSFT0101:00: failed to claim resources 1: [mem Oxfed40000-oxfed40fff]

[0.260703] acpi MSFT0101:00: platform device creation failed -16"

I've been able to figure out the error is for TPM and ive seen a couple tutorials on how to disable it before installation, as well as suggestions to ignore error messages for it.

I'm most of the way through installing Linux from Microsoft 10. All I know how to to on this screen is pull up the list of built-in commands. I only know half of what these commands mean.

While I'm willing to go through and look up each command and give it a shot if i think it'll work, I'm hoping someone already knows what I need to do.

TIA

idk where to ask for help I'm sorry if this isn't it.

so i was downloading something and laid down a bit nd after an hour i decided to check and my pc wouldn't just display so i forced shut down and turned it back on again and this happened so i Unplugged the drive then rebooted just fine but the i experienced issues moving files and even launching games installed already in there which everything was working just fine a week ago. this happened mid update for a game since then i couldn't move files no more neither get the game to launch anymore. i couldn't even move the game because of this input/output error so i tried to fix it by running fsck.ext4 -y /dev/sdb1 for me and everything seemed geetin checked fine until the end then at the very bottom said the input/output error and system has been modified then i experienced the "mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock" which idk how to fix i used to fix it on NTFS with ntfsfix -d but now how can i get it back to work?

ps it's an external hardrive for games only doesn't have anything to do with the pc